Research

Publication List

  1. T. Lam, S. Barack, G. Dunham, J. Walthew, W. Carty, “Microanalytical methods analyzing early European porcelains to study hard paste microstructural evolution,” J. Euro. Ceramic Soc., 45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc .2025.117295 (2025).
  2. D. Delia, W. Carty, “Limitations on the Sintering of Graded Particle Systems,” J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., DOI 10.1111/jace.19259 5689-5697 (2023).
  3. D. Delia, W. Carty, “Surface Area Reduction During the Sintering of Alumina,” J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., DOI 10.1111/jace.19170 5178-5186 (2023).
  4. M. Ciccarella, S. Whipkey, H. Lee, W. Carty, “The Characterization of Particle Size Distributions with Two-Parameter Models, 59th Annual Refractories Symposium, St. Louis Section, Amer. Cer. Soc., March 2023.
  5. H. Lee, W. Carty, “Correlation of Vickers Hardness of RO–Al2O3–SiO2 Glasses with Predicted Liquidus Temperatures,” Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci., DOI: 10.1111/ijag.16602 1-11 (2022).
  6. H. Lee, W. Carty, “The Glass Formation Boundary in Aluminosilicates,” Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci., DOI: 10.1111/ijag.16573 1-12 (2022).
  7. H. Lee, W. Carty, “Potential Correlation of the Hardness of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 Glasses with Melting Behavior,” Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci., DOI: 10.1111/ijag.16567 1-10 (2022).
  8. M. Stevens, W. Carty, “The Role of Heating Rate on the Sintering of Glass Powders,” Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci., DOI: 10.1111/ijag.16576 1-9 (2022).
  9. S. Whipkey, M. Modugno, H. Lee, W. Carty, “Optimized Etching of Porcelain and Polycrystalline Alumina with a Glass Phase,” J. Euro. Ceramic Soc., 41 [6], 3761-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2021. 01.035. (2021);
  10. W. Carty, “An Overview of Ceramic Forming Processes,” 59th Annual Refractories Symposium, St. Louis Section, Amer. Cer. Soc., March 2019.
  11. H. Lee, G. Wynick, W. Carty, “Using WDS to Estimate the Firing Times of Koryŏ Celadons,” Microscopy & Microanalysis, Baltimore, MD, Extended abstracts (2018).
  12. E. Steiner, P. Merrick, S. Tunick, K. Tierney, H. Lee, W. Carty, “Using Trace Element Ratios to Establish Correlations to Brick and Terra Cotta,” Microscopy & Microanalysis, Baltimore, MD, Extended abstracts (2018).
  13. A. Wereszczak, M. Modugno, B. Chen, W. Carty, “Contact Drying of Printed Sinterable Silver Paste,” IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 7 [12] 2019-86 (2017). DOI: 10.1109/TCPMT.2017.2752140.
  14. R. Hojiyev, Y. Ulcay, M. Hojamberdiev, M.S. Çelik, W. Carty, “Hydrophobicity and Polymer Compatibility of POSS-Modified Wyoming Na-Montmorillonite for Developing Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites,” J. of Colloid Interface Sci., 497, 393-401 (2017).
  15. R. Hojiyev, Y. Ulcay, M.S. Çelik, W. Carty, “Effect of CEC coverage of Hexadecyltributyl-Phosphonium Modified Montmorillonite on Polymer Compatibility,” Appl. Clay Sci. 141, 204-211 (2017).
  16. U. Kim, W. Carty, “Effect of Polymer Molecular Weight on Adsorption and Suspension Rheology,” J. Ceramic Soc. Japan, 124 [4], 484-488 (2016).
  17. M. Sheikhattar, H. Attar, S. Sharafi, W. Carty, “Influence of Surface Crystallinity on the Surface Roughness of Different Ceramic Glazes,” Materials Characterization, 118 570-574 (2016).
  18. W. Carty, K. Simpson, H. Lee, “Glaze Safety – Art & Science, Studio Practice and Safe Disposal,” NCECA Journal, March 2016.
  19. K-P. Tseng, H. Lee, W. Carty, “A Potential Short-Cut to Quantitative Mineralogy,” Proceedings of the St. Louis Section Meeting, Refractories Division American Ceramic Society, 2015.
  20. W. Carty, H. Lee, “An Overview of Glaze Safety,” NCECA Journal, March 2014.
  21. H. Katsuki, N. Kamochi, A. Shiraishi, W-S. Cho, J-H. Pee, K-J. Kim, E-S. Choi, W. Carty, “Some Properties of the Early Arita Celadon, J. Ceramic Soc. Japan, 119 [8], 672-676, DOI 10.2109/jcersj2.119.672 (2011).
  22. K. DeCarlo, T. Lam, W. Carty, “Dissolution of Alumina in Silicate Glasses and the Glass Formation Boundary,” Advances in Sintering Science and Technology, Eds. R. Bordia and E. Olevsky, Amer. Ceramic Soc., 61-68 (2010).
  23. W. Carty, H. Lee, M. Elliott, E. Reeves, P. Ormond, R. Mauzy, “Using Silica-Coated Alumina Grain to Extend Investment Casting Shell Suspension Lifetimes,” Investment Casting Institute, 56th Annual Technical Conference and Expo, October 12-15, 2009, Indianapolis, IN.
  24. W. Carty, H. Lee, E. Reeves, P. Ormond, R. Mauzy, “The Development of an Improved Shell for Investment Casting Applications,” Trans. Amer. Foundry Soc., 113th Annual Metalcasting Congress; 2009, Apr 7-10; Las Vegas, NV; American Foundry Society, 403 (ISBN 978-0-87433-340-4).
  25. H. Brown-Shaklee, W. Carty, D. Edwards, “Spectral selectivity of composite enamel coatings on 321 stainless steel,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 93 [8], 1404-1410 (2009).
  26. W. Carty, H. Lee, E. Reeves, P. Ormond, R. Mauzy, “The Development of an Improved Shell for Investment Casting Applications,” Trans. Amer. Foundry Soc., 113th Annual Metalcasting Congress; 2009, Apr 7-10; Las Vegas, NV; Schaumburg: American Foundry Society. (ISBN Print = 978-0-87433-340-4; ISBN CD = 978-0-87433-341-1)
  27. H. Brown-Shaklee, D. Edwards, W. Carty, “Spectral Selectivity of Composite Enamel Coatings on 321 Stainless Steel,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, SOLMAT4759 Elsevier, 2009.
  28. W. Carty, B. Pinto, K. Sieg, M. Kumar, “A New Technique for Measuring the Fracture Surface Energy of Ceramics,” Fractography of Glasses and Ceramics V, Eds: J. Varner, G. Quinn, and M. Wightman, Wiley and Sons, 243-250 (2007).
  29. U. Kim, D. Kim, W.M. Carty, J. P. E. Choi, “Effect of polymer compatibility on the binder migration during spray drying and compaction behavior,” Materials Science Forum, 534-536 [1], 273-276 (2007).
  30. T. Lam, K. DeCarlo, W. Carty, “Glass Melts as Indicators for Liquid Phase Sintering in Alumina,” Ceramic Transactions, , Proceedings of the Processing and Product Manufacturing Symposium Amer. Ceramic Soc., 141-152 (2007).
  31. W. Carty, “Firing Clay Bodies – Pyroplastic Deformation/Slumping; The Role of Quartz; & Microstructures (within a Historical Context),” NCECA Journal, 2007.
  32. W. Carty, “‘Glaze ‘Defects’ – Crazing·Shivering·Chipping·Dunting,” NCECA Journal, 2007.
  33. C. Sinton, W. Carty, H. Lee, “Energy Analysis of the Selective Batching Technique for Commercial Glass,” Glass and Optical Materials Division Proceedings, 2007.
  34. E. Rimbaldi, W. Carty, A. Tucci, L. Esposito, “Using Waste Glass as a Partial Flux Substitution and Pyroplastic Deformation of a Porcelain Stoneware Tile Body,” Ceramics International, 33, 727-733 (2007).
  35. W. Carty, D. Finkelnburg, T. Lam, J. Roberts, H. Lee, “Glaze-Body Interactions in Porcelains: Understanding Glaze Chemistry Shifts Due to Body-Glaze Interactions,” Proceedings of the 4th Asian Ceramics Symposium, Seoul, Korea (October 2007).
  36. A. Buchtel, W. Carty, M. Noirot, “Pyroplastic Deformation Revisited,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 25 [2], 25-42 (2004). Winner of the 2005 John Marquis Award from the Amer. Ceramic Soc.
  37. U. Kim, W. Carty, C. Sinton, “Selective Batching for Improved Commercial Glass Melting,” Glass Researcher, 2004.
  38. R. Castilone, D. Sriram, W. Carty, R. Snyder, “Crystallization of Zircon in Stoneware Glazes,” J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., DOI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb02162.x 2814-2424 (2004).
  39. W. Carty, U. Kim, “Selective Batching for Improved Commercial Glassmelting,” Amer. Ceramic Soc. Bull., 83 [10], 28-32 (2004).
  40. C. McConville, A. Shah, , W. Carty, “Quartz Dissolution into Porcelain Glasses,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 25 [2], 51-58 (2004).
  41. B. Schulz, W. Carty, , N. Ninos, “Effect of Die Fill on Compaction of Granular Bodies,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 25 [2], 61-80 (2004).
  42. H. Lee, W. Carty, R. Castilone, “Metal Marking of Dinnerware Glaze: Correlation with Friction and Surface Roughness,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 25 [2], 81-92 (2004).
  43. W. Carty, “Glass Phase Composition and Correlation with Pyroplastic Deformation,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 108-132 (2003).
  44. M. Katz, T. Gebhart, W. Carty, “The Reevaluation of the Unity Molecular Formula Limits for Glazes,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 13-23 (2003).
  45. M. Noirot, W. Carty, “Dynamic Pyroplastic Deformation Study: Digital Time-Lapse Photography for Porcelain Firing,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 133-148 (2003).
  46. B. Schulz, M. Brumbach, C. Caughel, W. Carty, “Adsorption of Poly(Acrylic Acid) on Clay Surfaces, the Effects of Washing to Remove Impurity Species Present in the Clay,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 149-175 (2003).
  47. N. Ninos, W. Carty, “Effect of Particle Size on Pyroplastic Deformation,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 231-238 (2003).
  48. W. Carty, M. Brumbach, C. Caughel, J. Petrie, M. Hluchy, “Proposed Tests for Characterizing Commercial Clays,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 24 [2] 239-262 (2003).
  49. M. Noirot, W. Carty, “The Effects of Alkali Metal Cations on Kaolin Rheology,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 22 [2], 97-112 (2001).
  50. P. Kupinski, W. Carty, “Mixed Ion Effects on Clay-Based Suspension Rheology,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 22 [2], 113-118 (2001).
  51. P. Sillapachai, W. Carty, “Dissolution of Clay in an Aqueous Medium,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 22 [2], 119-126 (2001).
  52. D. Seymour, S. Misture, W. Carty, “Development of Fast Firing Schedules for Porcelains from the Study of Mullite Formation in Porcelains,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 22 [2], 161-166 (2001).
  53. W. Carty, “Rheology and Plasticity for Ceramic Processing,” Fundamentals of Refractory Technology (Ceramic Trans.), American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 29-52, 2001
  54. F. Andreola, M. Romagnoli, W. Carty, “Comparison Between Poly(vinyl acetate) and Poly(vinyl alcohol) as Binders for Whiteware Body Compositions,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 65-74, 2001.
  55. W. Carty, “The Colloidal Nature of Kaolinite,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 101-110, 2001.
  56. R. Rossington, W. Carty, U. Senapati, “A Critical Review of Dispersants for Whiteware Applications;” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 155-167, 2001.
  57. K. Rossington, W. Carty, “The Effects of Ionic Concentration on the Viscosity of Clay-Based Suspensions,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 199-211, 2001.
  58. W. Carty, K. Rossington, D. Schuckers, “Plasticity Revisited,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 225-236, 2001.
  59. B. Sundlof, W. Carty, “Dispersion of Alumina,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 237-248, 2001.
  60. B. Schulz and W. Carty, “Degradation of Gypsum Molds,” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 259-269, 2001.
  61. S. Khan, W. Carty, “The Characterization of Pressure Casting;” Science of Whitewares II, Eds. W. Carty and C. Sinton, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 271-282, 2001.
  62. H. Lee, W. Carty, J. Gill, “Color Degradation in a Terra Cotta Glaze,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 21 [2] 45-58 (2000).
  63. B. Sundlof, C. Perry, W. Carty, E. Klingenberg, L. Schultz, “Processing Additive Interactions.” Amer. Cer. Soc. Bulletin, 79 [10], 67-72 (2000).
  64. W. Carty, M. Katz., J. Gill, Unity Molecular Formula Approach to Glaze Development,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 21 [2], 95-109 (2000).
  65. W. Carty, K. Rossington, “Correlating Suspension Rheology with Suspension Chemistry in a Clay-Based System,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 21 [2], 127-38 (2000).
  66. P. Kupinski, W. Carty, “Evaluation of Water Hardness Tests for Detection of Divalent Cation Concentration,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc., 21 [2], 59-72 (2000).
  67. C. Becker, S. Misture, W. Carty, “The Role of Flux Choice in Triaxial Whiteware Bodies;” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 21 [2], 15-29 (2000).
  68. W. Carty, K. Rossington, B. Sundlof, “Rheology of Aqueous Suspensions of Clay and Alumina,” (Proceedings of the Engineering Foundation Conference, Rheology in the Minerals Industry II, Oahu, Hawaii, March 1999.)
  69. W. Carty, “Colloidal Nature of Kaolinite,” Amer. Cer. Soc. Bull., 78 [8], 72-76 (1999).
  70. K. Rossington, U. Senapati, W. Carty, “A Critical Evaluation of Dispersants: Part 2, Effects on Rheology, pH, & Specific Adsorption,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 20 [2], 119-131 (1999).
  71. C. Perry, W. Carty, “Effect of Plasticizer on Compaction Behavior and Springback Defects” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 20 [2], 51-63 (1999).
  72. B. Sundlof, W. Carty, “Organic and Inorganic Dispersion of Alumina,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 20 [2], 151-166 (1999).
  73. U. Kim, W. Carty, “The Effects of Clay Substitution on the Plasticity of a Typical Whiteware Body,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 19 [2], 39-46 (1998).
  74. K. Rossington, W. Carty, “The Effects of Ionic Concentration on the Viscosity of Clay-Based Systems,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 19 [2], 65-76 (1998).
  75. K. Rossington, U. Senapati, W. Carty, “A Critical Evaluation of Dispersants for Clay-Based Systems,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 19 [2], 77-86 (1998).
  76. B. Schulz, W. Carty, “Degradation of Gypsum Mold Materials,” Cer. Eng. Sci. Proc., 19 [2], 87-98 (1998).
  77. W. Carty, P. Nielson, “Reliable Tile Installation on Problematic Surfaces,” General Lectures and Open-Papers, QualiCer 98, Proceedings of the V World Congress on Ceramic Tile Quality; March, 1998.
  78. W. Carty, U. Senapati, “Porcelain: Raw Materials, Processing, Phase Evolution, and Mechanical Behavior,” J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., 81 [1], 3-20 (1998) – Invited ACerS Centennial Review.
  79. F. Negre, E. Sánchez, J. García-Ten, F. Ginés, W. Carty, “Evaluation of Lamination in Porcelain Tiles, Measurement of Lamination Index,” Amer. Ceramic Soc. Bull., 77 [1], 63-68 (1998).
  80. B. Sundlof, W. Carty, “Conversion of Gibbsite to -Al2O3,” Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 85: Innovative Processing and Synthesis of Ceramics, Glasses and Composites, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 542-556 (1997).
  81. T. Soltesz, W. Carty, H. Miller, T. R. Armstrong, P. A. Smith, “A Rheological Process Control Diagram for Tape Casting,” Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 88: Dielectric Ceramics: Processing, Properties, and Applications, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 1042-1122 (1997).
  82. K. O’Connor, W. Carty, N. Ninos, “Evaluating Tunnel Kiln Performance,” Amer. Ceramic Soc. Bull., 76 [8], 59-63 (1997).
  83. R. Castilone, W. Carty, “The Metal Marking Behavior of Stoneware Glazes,” Amer. Ceramic Soc. Bull., 76 [3], 76-80 (1997).
  84. W. Carty, P. Lednor, “Monolithic Ceramics and Heterogeneous Catalysts: Honeycombs and Foams,” Current Opinions in Solid State & Materials Science, 1 [1] (1996).
  85. W. Carty, C. Lee, “The Characterization of Plasticity,” Science of Whitewares, Eds. V. Henkes, G. Onoda, and W. Carty, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, 89-101, 1995.
  86. W. Carty, “The Characterization of Plasticity and Observations on Aging,” General Lectures and Open-Papers, QualiCer 96, Proceedings of the IV World Congress on Ceramic Tile Quality; March 1996.
  87. P. Nowak, W. Carty, “A Critical Review of Plasticity Measurements,” Advances in Ceramics, American Ceramic Society; 1995.
  88. W. Carty, Processing of Ceramic Fibers from Particle Suspensions, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 1992.
  89. W. Carty, Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites and the Crystallization of Two Glass-Ceramic Matrices, M.S. Thesis, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO, 1987.